CAT 2017 Slot 1 — QA Question 34

Arithmetic ProgressionEasy

Let a1, a2,.......a3n be an arithmetic progression with a1 = 3 and a2 = 7. If a1 + a2 + ......+ a3n = 1830, then what is the smallest positive integer m such that m(a1 + a2 + ..... + an) > 1830?

Answer & solution

Correct answer: 9

  • A

    8

  • 9

  • C

    10

  • D

    11

Solution

Easy

Find the common difference from a1,a2a_1,a_2, then use the total ∑13n=1830\sum_{1}^{3n}=1830 to pin down nn. Compute ∑1n\sum_{1}^{n}, and finally find the smallest mm making m∑1nm\sum_{1}^{n} exceed 18301830.

1

Identify the AP. Common difference d=a2−a1=4d = a_2-a_1 = 4, so the kk-th term is ak=4k−1a_k = 4k-1.

ak=3+(k−1)⋅4=4k−1⇒ a3n=12n−1\begin{aligned} &a_k = 3 + (k-1)\cdot 4 = 4k-1\\ &\Rightarrow\ a_{3n} = 12n - 1 \end{aligned}
2

Use the sum of 3n3n terms to find nn.

3n2(a1+a3n)=1830⇒ 3n2(3+12n−1)=1830⇒ n(6n+1)=610(divide by 3, simplify)⇒ 6n2+n−610=0⇒ (n−10)(6n+61)=0  ⇒  n=10\begin{aligned} &\frac{3n}{2}\big(a_1 + a_{3n}\big) = 1830\\ &\Rightarrow\ \frac{3n}{2}\big(3 + 12n - 1\big) = 1830\\ &\Rightarrow\ n(6n+1) = 610 \quad\text{(divide by }3\text{, simplify)}\\ &\Rightarrow\ 6n^2 + n - 610 = 0\\ &\Rightarrow\ (n-10)(6n+61) = 0 \;\Rightarrow\; n = 10 \end{aligned}
3

Compute ∑1n=∑110\sum_{1}^{n}=\sum_{1}^{10}. With a10=39a_{10}=39:

∑k=110ak=102(3+39)=210\begin{aligned} &\sum_{k=1}^{10} a_k = \frac{10}{2}\big(3 + 39\big) = 210 \end{aligned}
4

Find the smallest mm.

210 m>1830⇒ m>1830210≈8.71⇒ m=9\begin{aligned} &210\,m > 1830\\ &\Rightarrow\ m > \frac{1830}{210} \approx 8.71\\ &\Rightarrow\ m = 9 \end{aligned}
m=9m = 9

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CAT 2017 Slot 1 QA Q34 — Arithmetic Progression solution | TheCATExam